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Qualitative Research in Healthcare: Necessity and Characteristics
Jeehee Pyo, Won Lee, Eun Young Choi, Seung Gyeong Jang, Minsu Ock
J Prev Med Public Health. 2023;56(1):12-20.   Published online January 10, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.22.451
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  • 483 Download
  • 11 Web of Science
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract AbstractSummary PDF
Quantitative and qualitative research explore various social phenomena using different methods. However, there has been a tendency to treat quantitative studies using complicated statistical techniques as more scientific and superior, whereas relatively few qualitative studies have been conducted in the medical and healthcare fields. This review aimed to provide a proper understanding of qualitative research. This review examined the characteristics of quantitative and qualitative research to help researchers select the appropriate qualitative research methodology. Qualitative research is applicable in following cases: (1) when an exploratory approach is required on a topic that is not well known, (2) when something cannot be explained fully with quantitative research, (3) when it is necessary to newly present a specific view on a research topic that is difficult to explain with existing views, (4) when it is inappropriate to present the rationale or theoretical proposition for designing hypotheses, as in quantitative research, and (5) when conducting research that requires detailed descriptive writing with literary expressions. Qualitative research is conducted in the following order: (1) selection of a research topic and question, (2) selection of a theoretical framework and methods, (3) literature analysis, (4) selection of the research participants and data collection methods, (5) data analysis and description of findings, and (6) research validation. This review can contribute to the more active use of qualitative research in healthcare, and the findings are expected to instill a proper understanding of qualitative research in researchers who review qualitative research reports and papers.
Summary
Korean summary
이 원고는 질적연구 방법론의 필요성 및 특징과 함께 보건의료 분야에서 질적연구 방법론이 활용된 선행 연구들을 정리하였다. 이는 보건의료 분야의 사회과학적 특성을 더 잘 드러내는 질적연구 방법론의 적용 및 확대에 도움이 될 것이다.

Citations

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  • A qualitative pilot study exploring clients’ and health-care professionals’ experiences with aquatic therapy post-stroke in Ontario, Canada
    Andresa R. Marinho-Buzelli, Abirami Vijayakumar, Elizabeth Linkewich, Catherine Gareau, Hasnain Mawji, Zoe Li, Sander L. Hitzig
    Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation.2024; 31(1): 86.     CrossRef
  • The Mindfulness-Based Social Work and Self-Care Programme: A Focus Group Study
    Alan Maddock, Karen McGuigan, Pearse McCusker, Jane Kellock
    Clinical Social Work Journal.2024; 52(1): 48.     CrossRef
  • Kazakhstani elite athletes’ perspectives on the Tokyo 2020 olympic and paralympic games postponement and their preparation during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
    Venera Abdulla, Natalya Glushkova, Kulman Nyssanbayeva, Maira Bakasheva, Dominic Sagoe
    Performance Enhancement & Health.2024; 12(1): 100270.     CrossRef
  • Surgical De-escalation in Breast Cancer: Qualitative Research Introduces Hope for Patients and Illuminates a Blind Spot Within Blinded Studies
    Jose G. Bazan, Benjamin W. Corn
    International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics.2024; 118(2): 455.     CrossRef
  • Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Methods, and Triangulation Research Simplified
    Lina Najib Kawar, Ghada B. Dunbar, Emma M. Aquino-Maneja, Sarah L. Flores, Victoria Rondez Squier, Kim Reina Failla
    The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing.2024; : 1.     CrossRef
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    Melika Kalantari, Amelia Hollywood, Rosemary Lim, Majid Hashemi
    Frontiers in Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Edward Barroga, Glafera Janet Matanguihan, Atsuko Furuta, Makiko Arima, Shizuma Tsuchiya, Chikako Kawahara, Yusuke Takamiya, Miki Izumi
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • “The chameleon among diseases” - an explorative view of sarcoidosis and identification of the consequences for affected patients and relatives using qualitative interviews
    Charlotte Hilker, Johanna Weis, Stefanie Ziehfreund, Elizabeth V. Arkema, Tilo Biedermann, Alexander Zink
    Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Qualitative Research in Healthcare: Data Analysis
    Dasom Im, Jeehye Pyo, Haneul Lee, Hyeran Jung, Minsu Ock
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(2): 100.     CrossRef
  • ‘How is our job affecting us?’ Neonatal Intensive Care Unit healthcare providers and their pregnancy: A descriptive qualitative study
    Gaia Dussi, Stefano Bembich, Roberta Crevatin, Sara Buchini, Silvana Schreiber, Livia Bicego, Andrea Cassone, Raffaella Dobrina
    Journal of Advanced Nursing.2023; 79(10): 3776.     CrossRef
  • Investigating Functional Impairment in Chronic Low Back Pain: A Qualitative Study from the Patients and Specialists’ Perspectives
    Arturo Cuomo, Franco Marinangeli, Alberto Magni, Emiliano Petrucci, Alessandro Vittori, Marco Cascella
    Journal of Personalized Medicine.2023; 13(6): 1012.     CrossRef
  • Author Response: Students’ Positive Coping Strategies From Disaster: A Narrative Analysis
    Minsu Ock
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2023; 56(4): 390.     CrossRef
  • Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Qualitative Research Among Health Sciences Faculty
    Mohamud Mohamud, Alwaleed A Albarkani, Emad Masuadi, Abdullaziz A Alsahly, Abdulaziz I Alkudairy, Yazeed F Shalabi, Abdulrahman Faqih, Khaled A Alaukili, Saad J Alsahli
    Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A qualitative study on hope in iranian end stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis
    Masoume Rambod, Nilofar Pasyar, Ali Mohammad Parviniannasab
    BMC Nephrology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Article
The Combined Effect of Subjective Body Image and Body Mass Index (Distorted Body Weight Perception) on Suicidal Ideation
Jaeyong Shin, Young Choi, Kyu-Tae Han, Sung-Youn Cheon, Jae-Hyun Kim, Sang Gyu Lee, Eun-Cheol Park
J Prev Med Public Health. 2015;48(2):94-104.   Published online March 14, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.14.055
  • 10,191 View
  • 139 Download
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Mental health disorders and suicide are an important and growing public health concern in Korea. Evidence has shown that both globally and in Korea, obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing some psychiatric disorders. Therefore, we examined the association between distorted body weight perception (BWP) and suicidal ideation.
Methods
Data were obtained from the 2007-2012 Korea National Health and Nutritional Evaluation Survey (KNHANES), an annual cross-sectional nationwide survey that included 14 276 men and 19 428 women. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the associations between nine BWP categories, which combined body image (BI) and body mass index (BMI) categories, and suicidal ideation. Moreover, the fitness of our models was verified using the Akaike information criterion.
Results
Consistent with previous studies, suicidal ideation was associated with marital status, household income, education level, and perceived health status in both genders. Only women were significantly more likely to have distorted BWP; there was no relationship among men. In category B1 (low BMI and normal BI), women (odds ratio [OR], 2.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48 to 3.42) were more likely to express suicidal ideation than women in category B2 (normal BMI and normal BI) were. Women in overweight BWP category C2 (normal BMI and fat BI) also had an increased OR for suicidal ideation (OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.48 to 3.42). Those in normal BWP categories were not likely to have suicidal ideation. Among women in the underweight BWP categories, only the OR for those in category A2 (normal BMI and thin BI) was significant (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.59).
Conclusions
Distorted BWP should be considered an important factor in the prevention of suicide and for the improvement of mental health among Korean adults, especially Korean women with distorted BWPs.
Summary

Citations

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  • Association between Weight Status and Mental Health among Korean Adolescents: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
    Youngha Choi, Jeana Hong
    Children.2023; 10(4): 620.     CrossRef
  • Association between body shape misperception and unhealthy eating behaviors among Korean adolescents
    Yejin Kim, Bomgyeol Kim, Vasuki Rajaguru, Sang Gyu Lee, Tae Hyun Kim
    Nutrition Research and Practice.2023; 17(6): 1143.     CrossRef
  • Effects of metabolic syndrome and obesity on suicidality in individuals with bipolar disorder
    Christoph Stenzel, Nina Dalkner, Human-Friedrich Unterrainer, Armin Birner, Susanne A. Bengesser, Frederike T. Fellendorf, Andreas Fink, Eva Fleischmann, Melanie Lenger, Alexander Maget, Martina Platzer, Robert Queissner, Elena Schönthaler, Adelina Tmava-
    Journal of Affective Disorders.2022; 311: 1.     CrossRef
  • Body image distortion among Brazilian and Portuguese women with children: A comparative study between the ELSA-Brasil and Generation XXI cohorts
    Ana Luísa Patrão, Maria da Conceição Almeida, Ana Henriques, Sheila M. Alvim Matos, Henrique Barros, Rosane Harter Griep, Estela M.L. Aquino
    Preventive Medicine.2022; 164: 107316.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation amongst college students in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality, South Africa
    Adeyinka A. Alabi, Olawumi K. Oladimeji, Oladele V. Adeniyi
    South African Family Practice.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between Subjective Body Image, Body Mass Index and Psychological Symptoms in Chinese Adolescents: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
    Yueyun Zhang, Baozhong Liu, Long Sun
    Healthcare.2021; 9(10): 1299.     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with psychological stress and distress among Korean adults: the results from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Yejin Cheon, Jinju Park, Bo Yoon Jeong, Eun Young Park, Jin-Kyoung Oh, E Hwa Yun, Min Kyung Lim
    Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Misclassification of Self-Reported Body Mass Index Categories
    Romy Freigang, Anne-Kathrin Geier, Gordian Lukas Schmid, Thomas Frese, Andreas Klement, Susanne Unverzagt
    Deutsches Ärzteblatt international.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Self-perceptions of body weight status according to age-groups among Korean women: A nationwide population-based survey
    Boyoung Park, Ha Na Cho, Eunji Choi, Da Hea Seo, Sue Kim, Yeong-Ran Park, Kui Son Choi, Yumie Rhee, Yongjoo Kim
    PLOS ONE.2019; 14(1): e0210486.     CrossRef
  • Does perceived overweight increase risk of depressive symptoms and suicidality beyond objective weight status? A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Ashleigh Haynes, Inge Kersbergen, Angelina Sutin, Michael Daly, Eric Robinson
    Clinical Psychology Review.2019; 73: 101753.     CrossRef
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    Seonho Kim, Wi-Young So
    Obesity Research & Clinical Practice.2018; 12(4): 346.     CrossRef
  • Association between body mass index and suicidal ideation among seniors in Shandong, China
    Long Sun, Chengchao Zhou
    Comprehensive Psychiatry.2018; 82: 68.     CrossRef
  • Body weight misperception and psychological distress among young South Korean adults: the role of physical activity
    Eun-Young Lee, Maxine Myre, Jongnam Hwang, Heeran Chun, Eunchul Seo, Roman Pabayo, John C. Spence
    Global Health Research and Policy.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Association between Inappropriate Weight Control Behaviors and Suicide Ideation and Attempt among Korean Adolescents
    Sang Ah Lee, Suk-Yong Jang, JaeYong Shin, Yeong Jun Ju, Jin Young Nam, Eun-Cheol Park
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2016; 31(10): 1529.     CrossRef
Special Article
The Role of Major Donors in Health Aid to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Haewon Lee, Deborah Y. Ahn, Soyoung Choi, Youngchan Kim, Hyunju Choi, Sang Min Park
J Prev Med Public Health. 2013;46(3):118-126.   Published online May 31, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2013.46.3.118
  • 9,918 View
  • 105 Download
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF

We investigated the major trends in health aid financing in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) by identifying the primary donor organizations and examining several data sources to track overall health aid trends. We collected gross disbursements from bilateral donor countries and international organizations toward the DPRK according to specific health sectors by using the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development creditor reporting system database and the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs financial tracking service database. We analyzed sources of health aid to the DPRK from the Republic of Korea (ROK) using the official records from the ROK's Ministry of Unification. We identified the ROK, United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM) as the major donor entities not only according to their level of health aid expenditures but also their growing roles within the health sector of the DPRK. We found that health aid from the ROK is comprised of funding from the Inter-Korean Cooperation Fund, private organizations, local governments, and South Korean branches of international organizations such as WHO and UNICEF. We also distinguished medical equipment aid from developmental aid to show that the majority of health aid from the ROK was developmental aid. This study highlights the valuable role of the ROK in the flow of health aid to the DPRK, especially in light of the DPRK's precarious international status. Although global health aid from many international organizations has decreased, organizations such as GFATM and UNFPA continue to maintain their focus on reproductive health and infectious diseases.

Summary

Citations

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  • Predicting the impact of control strategies on the tuberculosis burden in South and North Korea using a mathematical model
    Hyunwoo Cho, Youngmok Park, Jeongjoo Seok, Joon Sup Yeom, Jun Yong Choi, Hee Jin Kim, Young Ae Kang, Jeehyun Lee
    BMJ Global Health.2021; 6(10): e005953.     CrossRef
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    Chang-Jun Lee, Sungwhan Lee, Hee-Jin Kim, Young Ae Kang
    Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2020; 83(3): 201.     CrossRef
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    Pengyu Han, Yanxia Teng, Xiuxin Bi, Jinge Li, Dianxing Sun
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Markus Unnewehr, August Stich
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2015; 30(11): 1584.     CrossRef
Original Article
Cost-Utility Analysis of the Cochlear Implant.
Hoo Yeon Lee, Hee Nam Kim, Han Joong Kim, Jae Young Choi, Eun Cheol Park
J Prev Med Public Health. 2004;37(4):353-358.   Published online November 30, 2004
  • 2,658 View
  • 88 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVE
To determine the quality of life and cost consequences for deaf adults who received a cochlear implant. METHODS: The data from 11 patients, post-lingual deaf adults who received cochlear implants from 1990 to 2002, underwent cost-utility analysis. The average age of the participants was 49.6 years. The main outcomes were direct cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) using the visual analog scale (VAS), health utility index (HUI), EuroQol (EQ-5D), and quality well-being (QWB), with costs and utilities being discounted 3% annually. RESULTS: Recipients had an average of 5.6 years of implant use. Mean VAS scores increased by 0.33, from 0.27 before implantation to 0.60 at survey. HUI scores increased by 0.36, from 0.29 to 0.65, EQ-5D scores increased by 0.26, from 0.52 to 0.78, and QWB scores increased by 0.16, from 0.45 to 0.61. Discounted direct costs were $22, 320, yielding $19, 223/QALY using VAS, $17, 387/QALY using HUI, $24, 604/QALY using EQ-5D, and $40, 474/QALY using QWB. Cost-utility ratios using VAS, HUI, and EQ-5D were all below $25, 000 per QALY, except using QWB. CONCLUSION: Cochlear implants in post-lingual deaf adult have a positive effect on quality of life at reasonable direct costs and appear to produce a net saving to society.
Summary
English Abstracts
The Risk of Fracture with Taking Alpha Blockers for Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.
Joongyub Lee, Nam Kyoung Choi, Sun Young Jung, Ye Jee Kim, Jong Mi Seong, Seung June Oh, Byung Joo Park
J Prev Med Public Health. 2009;42(3):165-170.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2009.42.3.165
  • 4,954 View
  • 60 Download
  • 6 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
We evaluated the risk of fracture associated with hypotension-related adverse drug reaction caused by taking alpha blockers to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). METHODS: We used the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database from January 1st 2005 to June 30th 2006 for this study. The male patients with BPH and who had a prescription for alpha blockers following any fractures were defined as the cases. We set the 20 day long hazard period prior to the index date and the four control periods whose lengths were same with hazard period. After 1:4 matching of the hazard and control periods, conditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios for the risk of fractures as related to the alpha blocker exposure. RESULTS: Doxazosin and tamsulosin showed the increased risk of fractures, whereas terazosin did not. After stratification using the defined daily doses, a protective effect was shown for the patients who took terazosin at the doses lower than 0.4 DDD and the hazardous effect at the doses higher than or equal to 0.4 DDD. There was no significant difference for the risk of patients taking tamsulosin at the doses higher than 1.0 DDD but there was a statistically significant increase in the risk at the doses higher than or equal to 1.0 DDD. CONCLUSIONS: Alpha blockers for BPH may increase the risk of fracture in elderly patients who have comorbidities and take the concomitant medications. Alpha blockers need to be prescribed with caution, although some have high prostate specificity.
Summary

Citations

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  • Risk for Hip Fracture due to Alpha Blocker Treatment in Korean Women: National Health Insurance Database Study
    Gi H. SEO, Sung R. SHIM, Hwan W. LEE, Jin H. KIM, Dong‐Il CHUN, Hyun J. KIM, Hyun Y. LEE, Jae H. KIM
    LUTS: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms.2018; 10(2): 175.     CrossRef
  • Risk of hip/femur fractures during the initiation period of α‐adrenoceptor blocker therapy among elderly males: a self‐controlled case series study
    Chao‐Lun Lai, Raymond Nien‐Chen Kuo, Ho‐Min Chen, Ming‐Fong Chen, Kinwei Arnold Chan, Mei‐Shu Lai
    British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.2015; 80(5): 1208.     CrossRef
  • The Association of Alpha-Blockers and 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia With Fractures
    Sian Yik Lim, Pavis Laengvejkal, Ragesh Panikkath, Kenneth Nugent
    The American Journal of the Medical Sciences.2014; 347(6): 463.     CrossRef
  • Alpha-adrenergic blocker mediated osteoblastic stem cell differentiation
    Yoon Jung Choi, Jue Yeon Lee, Seung Jin Lee, Chong-Pyoung Chung, Yoon Jeong Park
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications.2011; 416(3-4): 232.     CrossRef
  • Risk of fractures associated with treatment for benign prostate hyperplasia in men
    P. Vestergaard, L. Rejnmark, L. Mosekilde
    Osteoporosis International.2011; 22(2): 731.     CrossRef
  • Databases in Asia and Record-Linkage
    Kiyoshi KUBOTA
    Japanese Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology/Yakuzai ekigaku.2011; 16(1): 27.     CrossRef
Information Sources and Knowledge on Infant Vaccination according to Online Communities.
Inyoung Choi, Mieun Chung, Soon Choy, Sukil Kim
J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(4):291-296.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.4.291
  • 4,110 View
  • 56 Download
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
To explore the information sources and knowledge on infant vaccinations of pro-vaccination community members and anti- accination community members on the internet. METHODS: An online survey of 245 parents from three pro-vaccination communities and 92 parents from one antivaccination community was conducted from June 7 to June 23, 2006. RESULTS: Parents from pro-vaccination communities usually gained the information regarding vaccination efficacy and risk mainly from healthcare providers (49.8%) and mass media (47.7%). Pro-vaccination community members considered healthcare providers as the most credible sources of information on vaccination, whereas the anti-vaccination community members usually gained their information regarding vaccine efficiency and risk from Internet child-care cafes and online vaccination communities. Parents of the anti-vaccination community considered the internet as the most credible information source (77.6% for efficacy, 94.8% for risk). In addition, the major reason why anti-vaccination community members didn't vaccinate and, will not vaccinate, was concern about possible side effects of the vaccine. The knowledge level on infant vaccination, education and economic status was higher in the anti-vaccination community. CONCLUSIONS: On-line communities concerned with vaccination are getting popular. The influence of antivaccination parents on the Internet is expected to be high. The government and healthcare providers need to increase their efforts to improve the credibility of information about vaccination. Our findings suggest that online communication regarding vaccinations needs to be considered as a means to increase vaccination rates.
Summary

Citations

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  • Factors Influencing Vaccination in Korea: Findings From Focus Group Interviews
    Bomi Park, Eun Jeong Choi, Bohyun Park, Hyejin Han, Su Jin Cho, Hee Jung Choi, Seonhwa Lee, Hyesook Park
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2018; 51(4): 173.     CrossRef
  • Policy Content Analysis of the Expanded National Immunization Program in the Republic of Korea

    Korean Journal of Health Policy and Administration.2008; 18(3): 58.     CrossRef
A Study on Facilitators and Inhibitors to the Introduction of Outsourcing in the Hospital Information Systems in Korea.
Soon Choy, Hyeong Sik Shin, Inyoung Choi, Sukil Kim
J Prev Med Public Health. 2007;40(1):64-70.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2007.40.1.64
  • 4,090 View
  • 33 Download
  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to investigate the current status of outsourcing in Korean hospital information systems and the factors influencing its introduction. METHODS: The authors surveyed 136 hospitals located in Seoul and its surrounding vicinities from June 7 to June 23, 2006. The facilitators and inhibitors to outsourcing in hospital information systems were derived from literature and expert reviews. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the major influencing factors on outsourcing in hospital information systems. RESULTS: Eighty-six (63.2%) of the 136 hospitals surveyed, which were mainly tertiary hospitals, responded to using outsourcing for their hospital information systems. "Hardware and software maintenance and support," "application development," and "management of service and staff" were the major areas of outsourcing. Outsourcing had been employed for 4~7 years by 45.5% of the hospitals and the proportion of the budget used for outsourcing was less than 20%. A need for an extension in outsourcing was agreed on by 76.5% of the hospitals. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that both consumer satisfaction and security risk have an influence on hospital information system outsourcing. CONCLUSIONS: Outsourcing in hospital information systems is expected to increase just as in other industries. One primary facilitator to outsourcing in other industries is consumer satisfaction. We found that this was also a facilitator to outsourcing in hospital information systems. Security risk, which is usually considered an inhibitor to information technology outsourcing, was proven to be an inhibitor here as well. The results of this study may help hospital information systems establish a strategy and management plan for outsourcing.
Summary

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    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2018; 43(1): 80.     CrossRef
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    Antonio Miguel Cruz, Adriana Maria Rios Rincon
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JPMPH : Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health